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MARTINIQUE - Type et Costume Creole, ca. 1910. Creator: Cochet
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MARTINIQUE - Type et Costume Creole, ca. 1910. Creator: Cochet
The title of this French colonial postcard (GUADELOUPE. - Type n 7) exemplifies the standard naming structure that categorized " exotic" native subjects in the form of ethnic and occupational " types." Presenting the image subjects in this way conveyed the perception of them as " tame" colonial subjects capable of assimilation into European ways of life. The colonial postcard, popular in the first two decades of the 20th century, came to represent both the technological triumphs of western photography - in printing and mass production - and the political triumphs of European conquest and expansion. These postcards also promoted tourism to the French Caribbean, painting the region as a safe, favorable, and exotic travel destination.The woman in this image wears a traditional, five-piece French Caribbean formal ensemble called a douillette, which is derived from the grand robe worn by early French settlers. Prior to Emancipation, dress codes required enslaved women to wear a chemise jupe, an informal bodice and skirt ensemble. Douillettes would have been worn by mulattas and free black women
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Media ID 22175840
© Heritage Art/Heritage Images
Black History Caribbean Creole Cultural Heritage Emancipation Guadeloupe Heritage Martinique Nmaahc Afro American Cochet Head Dress
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This vintage print titled "MARTINIQUE - Type et Costume Creole, ca. 1910" captures the essence of French colonial influence in the Caribbean during the early 20th century. The postcard's title reflects a common practice of categorizing native subjects as "types" emphasizing their exoticism and potential assimilation into European culture. The popularity of colonial postcards at that time showcased both the advancements in photography technology and Europe's political triumphs through conquest and expansion. These postcards played a significant role in promoting tourism to the French Caribbean, portraying it as a safe, favorable, and exotic travel destination. In this particular image, we see a woman dressed in a traditional douillette ensemble, which consists of five pieces. The douillette is derived from the grand robe worn by early French settlers but was later adopted by mulattas and free black women after Emancipation. Prior to that period, enslaved women were required to wear an informal bodice and skirt ensemble called chemise jupe. This photograph not only serves as a visual representation of Martinique's cultural heritage but also provides insight into how clothing choices reflected social status within this diverse society. It reminds us of the complex history behind these images while highlighting their artistic value as historical artifacts capturing moments frozen in time.
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